Typing

• type systems can protect you from yourself if used correctly

• which no one does

• turn runtime errors into compiler errors

• different ways types works

• error types can be used instead of exception and/or NULL

• C++ doesn't have a good enough type system for this to work properly, Rust, Haskel, F# do

• different ways to talk about type systems:

  • strong/weak, static/dynamic, manifest/inferred, nominal/structural, duck

• see here for a talk of what types can and cannot do